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On the right side of the frame, a pair of sleek, muted sage-green running shoes sits slightly off-center. A folded cream towel and a stainless steel water bottle sit just behind them, with a single brushed-steel kettlebell partly out of focus in the background to hint at strength training without dominating the scene. The running shoes and the botanical elements share equal visual weight, suggesting the endurance theme.

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Science & Research

Iznenađenje Ashwagandhe: Pomaže izdržljivost više nego snagu

Dr. Gymbro · · 4 min read

Uvod – verovatno ste ga kupili iz pogrešnog razloga

Ashwagandha se često reklamira kao dodatak koji povećava snagu i mišićnu masu. Međutim, sve sve sve sve nova meta‑analiza pokazuje da je najkonzistentniji dobitak zapravo aerobna izdržljivost.

Studija je objavljena u časopisu Nutrients 2026. godine, a autori su istraživači sa Shaanxi Normal University i Sichuan Agricultural University. Oni su skupili randomizovane kontrolisane studije koje su ispituju oralni Withania somnifera i njegov uticaj na objektivne performanse u vežbanju. Rezultati su obećavajući, ali dolaze uz određena upozorenja o kojima treba da znate pre nego što uložite novac.

Šta su istraživači zapravo radili

Radi se o sistemskoj reviziji i tro‑nivo meta‑analizi. Tim je pretraživao PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase i SPORTDiscus od njihovog nastanka do 1. aprila 2026. Uključeni su randomizovani kontrolisani pokušaji koji su upoređivali oralni suplement ashwagandha sa placebo ili drugim kontrolnim uslovom i koji su izveštavali o objektivnim merama performansi.

Konačni uzorak je bio prilično skroman: 13 studija, 599 učesnika i 79 efekata. Tro‑nivo model omogućava da se rezultati iz jedne studije koji sadrže više izlaza (npr. snaga i izdržljivost) analiziraju zajedno, a da se ne tretiraju kao nezavisni podaci. Autori su prikazali 95 % intervale predikcije, GRADE ocene pouzdanosti, podgrupne analize, kao i meta‑regresije doze i trajanja.

Učesnici su uglavnom bili mladi odrasli ili sportisti. Četiri studije su isključivo muškog pola, jedna isključivo ženskog, tri su imale obe polne grupe, a pet studija nije jasno navelo polni sastav.

Glavni brojčani rezultat

Kroz sve tipove performansi, ashwagandha je u proseku poboljšala rezultate, sa Hedges’ g = 0,47 (95 % CI 0,25 – 0,69, p < 0,001). To predstavlja umeren, pooled efekat.

Autori su istakli dva upozorenja:

  • Heterogenost je značajna (I² = 60 %); rezultati su varirali među studijama.
  • 95 % interval predikcije je od –0,40 do 1,33 – što znači da buduća studija u drugom kontekstu može pokazati i odsustvo efekta, pa čak i slab negativni efekat.

Prosečna vrednost izgleda obećavajuće, ali ne garantuje istu reakciju kod svakog vežbača.

Obrt: izdržljivost nadjačava snagu

Tip vežbanja je najjasniji moderator (Pbetween = 0,006). Rezultati su raspodeljeni ovako:

  • Aerobna izdržljivost: najkonzistentniji dokaz, g = 0,54 (95 % CI 0,22 – 0,85, p = 0,002).
  • Snaga: efekti su pozitivni, ali su autorima neizvesni.
  • Snaga i mišićna izdržljivost: premalo podataka za čvrste zaključke.

Rezultat za snagu nije negativan, samo je manje pouzdan, pa etiketa „suplement za snagu“ nije toliko potkrepljena kao signal za izdržljivost. Ako želite da podignete bench press, ovo istraživanje vam ne daje čvrsto zeleno svetlo. Ako trčite, vozite bicikl ili veslate, potencijal je znatno veći.

Idealna doza: 500‑600 mg dnevno

Autori su identifikovali 500‑600 mg dnevno ekstrakta kao najviše podržani opseg. Naglašavaju da su analize doze hipotezu‑generišuće, odnosno otkrivaju obrazac koji treba dalje testirati, a ne definitivan „optimalni“ doziranje.

Meta‑regresije su obuhvatile i dozu i trajanje suplementacije. Apstrakt ne navodi tačan protokol (pre‑trening, tokom vežbanja ili uveče), pa rad ne može da zaključuje kada je najbolji trenutak za uzimanje. Takođe, ne preporučuje se konkretan oblik suplementa – standardizacija formulacije ostaje „gap“ za buduća istraživanja.

Praktične pouke

Ko bi mogao imati najviše koristi

  • Sportisti fokusirani na izdržljivost – rekreativni trkači, biciklisti, plivači i slično – koji traže suplement sa naučnim signalom.
  • Mladoliki i sportisti, jer su oni čine većinu uzorka.

Kako primeniti rezultate

  • Držite se doze od 500‑600 mg dnevno ekstrakta, jer se većina dokaza klasteruje oko te vrednosti.
  • Pažljivo proverite etiketu – koliko ekstrakta zaista dobijate. Autori ističu velike razlike u formulacijama.
  • Pratite objektivan parametar (npr. vreme na testu, broj ponavljanja) kako biste videli da li suplement deluje na vas.

Ko bi trebalo da bude oprezan ili da izbegne suplement

  • Svi koji ga kupuju isključivo zbog povećanja snage ili mišićne mase. Dokazi su neizvesni i oskudni.
  • Osobe izvan proučene populacije. Većina podataka dolazi iz studija na mladim odraslim i sportistima; efekti kod starijih, adolescenata (osim jedne sportske kohorte) ili drugih grupa nisu potvrđeni.
  • Ljudi sa medicinskim stanjima, na lekovima ili trudnice. Rad ne pokriva ove grupe; autori pozivaju na bolje praćenje neželjenih događaja u budućim studijama. Ovo je opšta preporuka, pa se konsultujte sa lekarom pre upotrebe.

Ograničenja koja ne smete zanemariti

Autori su otvoreno izneli slabosti:

  1. Mala baza dokaza. Trinaest studija i 599 učesnika nije mnogo, naročito kada se podeli po tipovima ishoda.
  2. Umerena do visoka heterogenost. I² od 60 % i interval predikcije koji prelazi nulu ograničavaju koliko možemo pouzdano primeniti prosečni efekat.
  3. Hipotezu‑generišući nalazi o dozi. Opseg 500‑600 mg dnevno je smernica, a ne konačna presuda.
  4. Necompletno izveštavanje o polu. Pet studija nije jasno navelo polnu strukturu, što otežava zaključke po polu.
  5. Oskudni podaci za snagu i mišićnu izdržljivost.

Autori predlažu da buduće studije budu pre‑registrirane, adekvatno moćne, dvostruko‑sl blinded, sa standardizovanom formulacijom i stratifikacijom po polu. Takođe preporučuju strožu kontrolu slepila, mehanističke ishode, praćenje neželjenih događaja i sport‑specifične testove performansi. Konflikti interesa nisu prijavljeni.

Zaključak

Meta‑analiza sugeriše da oralni suplement ashwagandha može poboljšati određene performanse u vežbanju, pri čemu je najjači dokaz za aerobnu izdržljivost i potencijalni „sweet spot“ doze od 500‑600 mg dnevno. Tvrdnje o snazi koje dominiraju marketinškim porukama su manje pouzdane. Posmatrajte ashwagandhu kao obećavajuću, ali još uvek eksperimentalnu opciju za izdržljivost sportista, a ne kao dokazan dodatak za povećanje snage.

Original study

Read the original research on pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov →

This article summarizes published research for general information. It is not medical advice.

DG

Written by

Dr. Gymbro

Dr. Gymbro writes for Dr. Gymbro: science-backed fitness, nutrition & performance.

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