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Nutrition

SLAB51 益生菌:一周让精英运动员多坚持33秒

Dr. Gymbro · · 1 min read

SLAB51 益生菌:一周让精英运动员多坚持33秒

摘录:经过一周的多菌株益生菌 SLAB51 服用,精英运动员在跑步机测试中的耐力提升约 33 秒,但单次服用没有任何效果,VO2max 也未改变。随机、双盲、交叉设计的试验还发现运动前抗氧化酶 SOD 水平升高。那么 SLAB51 是什么,它为何可能影响耐力呢?本文将拆解研究设计、数据以及运动员能够从中得到的实际结论。同时也会指出局限性:样本仅限于少数精英男性,且干预时间非常短。


33 秒听起来并不多,除非你记得跑步的对象是谁。最新的一项随机交叉试验显示,精英运动员在连续服用多菌株益生菌 SLAB51 一周后,跑步机耐力测试的跑时比服用安慰剂时多出约 33 秒;单次服用则没有任何效果。最受耐力运动员关注的 VO₂max 也没有变化。那么究竟发生了什么变化,这对我们有什么意义呢?

SLAB51 是什么?

SLAB51 是一款品牌化的多菌株益生菌制剂,内含八株乳酸菌和双歧杆菌。益生菌的功效往往与具体菌株密切相关,同一种“益生菌”标签下的酸奶、普通的“肠道健康”胶囊以及这款八菌混合配方在成分上完全不同,研究结果也不能相互套用。

这项研究发表在 2026 年的《Nutrients》上,由韩国国立体育大学(Lee、Kim、Park、Yun、Yoon 等)团队完成,旨在检验 SLAB51 是否能改善精英运动员的有氧表现及氧化应激水平。相较于以往大多聚焦普通人群的益生菌研究,这一人群的研究相对罕见。

研究设计与方法

研究的设计是结果值得讨论的关键。它是一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉试验,受试者为男性精英运动员。每位受试者先后各服用一周的 SLAB51 与安慰剂,之间设两周的洗脱期。由于每位受试者既是实验组也是对照组,个体差异的影响被大幅降低。

测试在三个时间点进行:基线、单次服用后以及连续服用一周后。耐力表现采用 Bruce 分级跑步机协议——速度与坡度逐步提升直至受试者力竭。研究团队还同步采集了生理指标和氧化应激标志物。数据分析使用了双因素重复测量方差分析(ANOVA),随后采用考虑交叉结构的线性混合效应模型进行事后比较。

结果数据

  • 运动持续时间:连续服用一周后,运动员在 SLAB51 组的跑步时间比安慰剂组多 33.32 秒(95% 置信区间 17.42–49.22 秒,p < 0.001)。
  • RER > 1.0 的时间:呼吸商超过 1.0(高强度工作标志)的时长亦显著延长,利好于 SLAB51。
  • 超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性:运动前 SOD 活性在服用一周后显著升高。
  • 无显著变化的指标:最大摄氧量(VO₂max)、乳酸清除速率以及丙二醛(MDA,脂质氧化损伤标志)均未出现统计学意义的改变。
  • 单次服用:一次摄入未出现任何表现上的提升。

值得注意的是,即使置信区间的下限约为 17 秒,也仍然大于零,说明效应稳定存在,但它体现在耐力时间的延长,而非有氧能力上限的提升。

为什么肠道菌群会影响耐力?

作者将运动表现描述为能量代谢与氧化还原平衡的交互作用——即剧烈训练时产生的活性氧(ROS)与体内抗氧化防御之间的博弈。过量的 ROS 会削弱肌肉功能并延缓恢复。SOD 是体内第一线的抗氧化酶之一,能够将超氧阴离子转换为相对无害的产物。

本研究发现服用一周后运动前 SOD 活性提升,支持 SLAB51 可能增强机体的抗氧化“预备状态”。作者提出的与氧代谢相关的机制在理论上是合理的,但研究并未直接证明氧化损伤(如 MDA)下降。因此,机制仍属推测,作者也对结论持审慎态度。

VO₂max 未变化与此吻合:若 SLAB51 真有益,可能是帮助运动员在高强度区间维持更久,而非提升氧气摄取上限。

实际建议

  • 菌株特异性很重要。本结果仅适用于 SLAB51。标签上有“乳酸菌”字样的其他益生菌不一定有相同效果。选购时请留意产品是否列出了具体菌株并有人体临床试验支持。
  • 最少服用一周。单次摄入未见效应,若想通过益生菌提升竞技表现,临赛前一次性服用并不可取。需要连续约一周的稳定摄入才能看到效果。
  • 适用人群。本研究对象为进行跑步机有氧测试的男性精英运动员。追求细微优势的专业耐力运动员或许会感兴趣,但普通健身爱好者不应直接套用相同的效应大小。
  • 保持合理预期。在递增式跑步到力竭的测试中多坚持 33 秒属于可测量的“小幅提升”,并非彻底颠覆。系统的训练、合理的营养、充足的睡眠和科学的恢复仍是提升表现的关键。

局限性

  • 样本量小且单一:仅招募了少数男性精英运动员,结果不宜推及女性或非精英人群。
  • 干预时间短:每个处理仅持续一周,尚不清楚效应是会随时间累积、保持不变还是逐渐消退。
  • 机制不明:虽观察到 SOD 上升,但 MDA 未变,氧化应激的整体图景仍不完整。
  • 统计处理:标题中的 33 秒来源于事后混合效应模型,而非最初的 ANOVA,需谨慎解读。
  • 测试情境与真实比赛不同:跑步机递增式测试的表现未必能直接转化为比赛成绩。

结论

SLAB51 是为数不多的在严格交叉设计下显示出耐力提升信号的益生菌配方。该效应出现于连续服用一周后,而非单次摄入,且未伴随 VO₂max 的改变。它提供了一个值得进一步探索的方向,但尚不能视为确定的提升手段。未来需要更大规模、更长期、涵盖女性以及真实比赛结果的研究,才能验证这 33 秒的优势是否稳固且具备实战价值。

Original study

Read the original research on pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov →

This article summarizes published research for general information. It is not medical advice.

DG

Written by

Dr. Gymbro

Dr. Gymbro writes for Dr. Gymbro: science-backed fitness, nutrition & performance.

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